Thorium oxide, molecular formula ThO 2, is radioactive. It is used for making high temperature ceramics, atomic fuel, incandescent lamp, cathode of electron tube, electrode for arc melting, optical glass, refractory material and catalyst.
Radioactive damage is the main hazard of thorium oxide. Thorium dioxide contrast agent can cause long-term damage to human body: aplastic anemia, damage to nervous system, liver, spleen and thyroid, decline of immunity and carcinogenic effect.
If thorium oxide leakage occurs, quickly leave the site to fresh air. Keep the respiratory tract open. If breathing is difficult, give oxygen. If breathing stops, artificial respiration should be carried out immediately. Seek medical advice. Then isolate the leaking contaminated area and restrict access. It is suggested that emergency personnel wear dust-proof masks and radiation-proof clothing. Do not contact leaks directly. Small leakage: Avoid dust, sweep carefully and collect in dry, clean, covered containers. Massive leaks: Clean up under expert guidance.
Thorium oxide storage should be tightly enclosed and radiation-proof. Prevent dust from releasing into the air of the workshop. Operators must be specially trained and strictly abide by the operating rules. Operators are advised to wear self-priming filter dust mask, chemical safety glasses and radiation-resistant gloves. Avoid producing dust. Avoid contact with oxidants. Equipped with leak emergency treatment equipment. Empty containers may retain harmful substances.